The history of Ankhi Jhyal, also known as Newari windows
Ankhi Jhyal, also known as Newari windows, are a unique and integral part of the traditional architecture and design of the Newari people in Nepal. Newari culture, language, and tradition are an essential part of Nepali heritage and have a rich history that dates back to ancient times. The history of Ankhi Jhyal can be traced back to the Malla Dynasty (1200-1769 AD), which was known for its elaborate architecture and intricate design elements.
The Malla Dynasty was the golden age of Newari architecture, and the construction of temples, palaces, and public buildings was a major feature of this period. The Newari windows were used in these structures to provide light, ventilation, and a visual connection to the outside world. These windows were often decorated with intricate carvings, depicting scenes from Hindu and Buddhist mythology, and were highly valued as a symbol of wealth and prosperity.
The design of Ankhi Jhyal windows was heavily influenced by Hindu and Buddhist iconography and mythology. The use of intricate carvings, such as gods and goddesses, mythical creatures, and intricate geometric patterns, was a hallmark of Newari design. The windows were also decorated with ornate wood carvings, brass filigree work, and other intricate details. The intricate carvings were meant to serve as a reminder of the deity's presence and protection, and were believed to bring blessings to the household.
Ankhi Jhyal windows were not just functional but also served as a form of art. The intricate designs and intricate carvings reflected the high level of craftsmanship of Newari artisans. The design of the windows was a testament to the artistic and cultural heritage of the Newari people and was a symbol of their wealth and status.
The use of Ankhi Jhyal windows in Newari architecture was not limited to the Malla period, and the tradition of incorporating these windows into buildings continued into the modern era. In the 19th century, many Newari buildings were destroyed or damaged during the Anglo-Gorkha War, but the tradition of building Newari windows continued to flourish. Today, the use of Ankhi Jhyal windows can be seen in many traditional Newari homes and temples, and they continue to be an important part of Newari culture and heritage.
Ankhi Jhyal windows have also undergone a significant change in recent years. The traditional design of the windows has been modernized, with the incorporation of new materials and techniques. The use of glass, metal frames, and other modern materials has allowed for a greater degree of versatility and flexibility in the design of the windows. The use of these materials has also allowed for a wider range of designs, from traditional motifs to modern, abstract patterns.
The tradition of Ankhi Jhyal windows is not limited to Nepal, and the design elements of these windows can be seen in other parts of South Asia, such as India and Bhutan. This is a testament to the popularity and cultural significance of Newari architecture and design.
In conclusion, Ankhi Jhyal or Newari windows have a rich history that dates back to the Malla Dynasty. The intricate carvings and designs of these windows reflect the high level of craftsmanship of Newari artisans and serve as a testament to the artistic and cultural heritage of the Newari people. The tradition of building Newari windows continues to this day, and their design has evolved to incorporate new materials and techniques, making them an important part of modern Newari architecture and design. The use of Ankhi Jhyal windows can be seen not just in Nepal but also in other parts of South Asia.
